UMD,是通用定义模块 (Universal Module Definition),是JavaScript前后端跨平台的模块化方案。
define
方法,就封装成 AMD
模块exports
方法,就封装成 CommonJS
模块IIFE
模块具体模块样例如下
// if the module has no dependencies, the above pattern can be simplified to(function (root, factory) {if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {// AMD. Register as an anonymous module.define([], factory);} else if (typeof exports === 'object') {// Node. Does not work with strict CommonJS, but// only CommonJS-like environments that support module.exports,// like Node.module.exports = factory();} else {// Browser globals (root is window)root.returnExports = factory();}}(this, function () {// Just return a value to define the module export.// This example returns an object, but the module// can return a function as the exported value.return {};}));
demo例子
https://github.com/chenshenhai/rollupjs-note/blob/master/demo/chapter-02-02-05/
npm i## 开发模式npm run dev## 生产模式npm run build
.├── build # rollup.js 编译脚本目录│ ├── rollup.config.dev.js│ ├── rollup.config.js│ └── rollup.config.prod.js├── dist # 编译结果目录│ ├── index.umd.js│ └── index.umd.js.map├── example # 例子│ ├── amd│ │ ├── index.html│ │ ├── index.js│ │ └── main.js│ ├── cjs│ │ └── index.js│ └── iife│ └── index.html├── package.json└── src # 待编译源代码目录├── index.js└── lib└── demo.js
安装对应编译的npm模块
## 安装 rollup.js 基础模块npm i --save-dev rollup## 安装 rollup.js 编译本地开发服务插件npm i --save-dev rollup-plugin-serve## 安装 rollup.js 编译代码混淆插件npm i --save-dev rollup-plugin-uglify## 安装 rollup.js 编译ES6+的 babel 模块npm i --save-dev @rollup/plugin-babel @babel/core @babel/preset-env
./build/rollup.config.js
const path = require('path');const { babel } = require('@rollup/plugin-babel');const resolveFile = function(filePath) {return path.join(__dirname, '..', filePath)}const babelOptions = {"presets": ['@babel/preset-env'],}module.exports = [{input: resolveFile('src/index.js'),output: {file: resolveFile('dist/index.umd.js'),format: 'umd',name: 'Demo',amd: {id: 'lib/demo'},},plugins: [babel(babelOptions),],},]
开发模式
配置基本 ./build/rollup.config.dev.js
const path = require('path');const serve = require('rollup-plugin-serve');const configList = require('./rollup.config');const resolveFile = function(filePath) {return path.join(__dirname, '..', filePath)}const PORT = 3000;configList.map((config, index) => {config.output.sourcemap = true;if( index === 0 ) {config.plugins = [...config.plugins,...[serve({port: PORT,contentBase: [resolveFile('')]})]]}return config;})module.exports = configList;
生产模式
配置基本 ./build/rollup.config.prod.js
const { uglify } = require('rollup-plugin-uglify');const configList = require('./rollup.config');const resolveFile = function(filePath) {return path.join(__dirname, '..', filePath)}configList.map((config, index) => {config.output.sourcemap = false;config.plugins = [...config.plugins,...[uglify()]]return config;})module.exports = configList;
./package.json
配置编译执行脚本{"scripts": {"build": "node_modules/.bin/rollup -c ./build/rollup.config.prod.js","dev": "node_modules/.bin/rollup -w -c ./build/rollup.config.dev.js"},}
./src/index.js
import demo from './lib/demo';export default {init() {const arr1 = [1,2,3];const arr2 = [4,5,6];console.log([...arr1, ...arr2]);async function initDemo () {let data = await demo();console.log(data);}initDemo();}}
./src/lib/demo.js
function demo() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {try {setTimeout(()=>{const obj1 = {a:1};const obj2 = {b:2};const obj3 = {c:3};const obj4 = {d:4};const result = {...obj1, ...obj2, ...obj3, ...obj4};resolve(result);}, 1000)} catch (err) {reject(err);}})}export default demo;
生产模式
npm run dev
./dist/
下./dist/index.umd.js
(function (global, factory) {typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? module.exports = factory() :typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define('lib/demo', factory) :(global = global || self, global.Demo = factory());}(this, (function () { 'use strict';function asyncGeneratorStep(gen, resolve, reject, _next, _throw, key, arg) {try {var info = gen[key](arg);var value = info.value;} catch (error) {reject(error);return;}if (info.done) {resolve(value);} else {Promise.resolve(value).then(_next, _throw);}}function _asyncToGenerator(fn) {return function () {var self = this,args = arguments;return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {var gen = fn.apply(self, args);function _next(value) {asyncGeneratorStep(gen, resolve, reject, _next, _throw, "next", value);}function _throw(err) {asyncGeneratorStep(gen, resolve, reject, _next, _throw, "throw", err);}_next(undefined);});};}function _defineProperty(obj, key, value) {if (key in obj) {Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {value: value,enumerable: true,configurable: true,writable: true});} else {obj[key] = value;}return obj;}function ownKeys(object, enumerableOnly) {var keys = Object.keys(object);if (Object.getOwnPropertySymbols) {var symbols = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(object);if (enumerableOnly) symbols = symbols.filter(function (sym) {return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(object, sym).enumerable;});keys.push.apply(keys, symbols);}return keys;}function _objectSpread2(target) {for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {var source = arguments[i] != null ? arguments[i] : {};if (i % 2) {ownKeys(Object(source), true).forEach(function (key) {_defineProperty(target, key, source[key]);});} else if (Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors) {Object.defineProperties(target, Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(source));} else {ownKeys(Object(source)).forEach(function (key) {Object.defineProperty(target, key, Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(source, key));});}}return target;}function demo() {return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {try {setTimeout(function () {var obj1 = {a: 1};var obj2 = {b: 2};var obj3 = {c: 3};var obj4 = {d: 4};var result = _objectSpread2(_objectSpread2(_objectSpread2(_objectSpread2({}, obj1), obj2), obj3), obj4);resolve(result);}, 1000);} catch (err) {reject(err);}});}var index = {init: function init() {var arr1 = [1, 2, 3];var arr2 = [4, 5, 6];console.log([].concat(arr1, arr2));function initDemo() {return _initDemo.apply(this, arguments);}function _initDemo() {_initDemo = _asyncToGenerator( /*#__PURE__*/regeneratorRuntime.mark(function _callee() {var data;return regeneratorRuntime.wrap(function _callee$(_context) {while (1) {switch (_context.prev = _context.next) {case 0:_context.next = 2;return demo();case 2:data = _context.sent;console.log(data);case 4:case "end":return _context.stop();}}}, _callee);}));return _initDemo.apply(this, arguments);}initDemo();}};return index;})));//# sourceMappingURL=index.umd.js.map
./example/amd/index.html
<html><head><script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/babel-polyfill/6.26.0/polyfill.js"></script><script data-main="main" src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/require.js/2.3.5/require.js"></script></head><body><p>hello world</p></body></html>
./example/amd/main.js
requirejs.config({baseUrl: '/',paths: {'lib/demo': '/dist/index.umd',}});requirejs(['example/amd/index']);
./example/amd/main.js
define(function (require) {var demo = require('lib/demo');demo.init()});
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]{a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4}>
./example/iife/index.html
<html><head><script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/babel-polyfill/6.26.0/polyfill.js"></script></head><body><p>hello world</p><script src="./../../dist/index.umd.js"></script><script>window.Demo.init();</script></body></html>
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]{a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4}>
./example/cjs/index.js
require('@babel/polyfill')const Demo = require('./../../dist/index.umd');Demo.init();
node ./example/cjs/index.js
会出现以下结果
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]{a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4}>